To address Integrated Watershed Management (IWM) issues, Conservation Ontario partnered with Ministries of Environment and Natural Resources, and Fisheries and Oceans Canada to launch the Integrated Watershed Management Initiative in 2008. The initiative aimed to update Ontario’s understanding of IWM, compare it with global and national practices, identify gaps, and recommend strategic improvements. As part of this, a Water Management Framework and Water Budget Overview for Ontario were explored in separate reports, with recognized linkages and feedback loops between these initiatives.